Just wanted to add the perspective of a 20something tech and physics nerd (but no expert by any means) to this discussion.
I didn’t see these things covered in my read through, but perhaps I missed some of them.
First off, my Firefly brand power adapter is rated at 100-240V,
so unless they’ve changed this in the past few weeks since I got mine, international users should be fine with just an adapter. Perhaps other owners can chime in.
On the electrical system in this thing, we have to do a bit of math, and I’m simplifying and rounding, but there are a few unknowns we can figure out. The battery is a 5.55 Watt-hour unit,
if my understanding of electrical systems is correct, that means it should be able to put out 5.55 watts for one hour. The podcast that was linked to a while back had an interview with the designers. They mentioned that this little gizmo can draw up to 50 watts, but usually runs lower.
5.55 watts (joules/second) * 60 minutes per hour * 60 seconds per minute ≈ just shy of 20,000 joules stored in this little battery.
≈ 20,000 joules / 50 watts ≈ 400 seconds ≈ 6 and two thirds minutes that this unit could run at full tilt (assuming it could dissipate that much heat, which it can’t) before the battery was drained.
rehash
Now we know that power delivered to the heating coil (it’s coil shaped, of course I took it apart) varies in order to make sure the temperature of the air doesn’t go above 400 degrees Fahrenheit (204.44 C, 477.59 K), but the designers mentioned that you can get a heat boost by restarting the heating cycle, that’s why it will glow brighter for a few seconds when you do that. The coil also reduces in brightness as air flows over it, but I think most of the dimming as you inhale is due to the heating/power curve winding down to maintain rather than heat.
/rehash
I did do a test to see how many 30 second hits (the time before my unit turns off when holding the button) one could take on a charge. The total time it was running was just shy of ten minutes (running time, not including cooling time), meaning that it averaged 20,000 joules / 600 seconds ≈ 33.3 watts for about ten minutes, meaning that it averages about 2/3 of its heating capacity, stacked toward the front end of each heating cycle.
My unit did not overheat (amber light) during this test, but it did get too hot to hold comfortably at about the five minute mark, so I put it on a cool surface for a few minutes. This is why they are so heavy (also what the designers said, heat dissipation and thermal mass), you would get a pretty serious burn from a 50 watt (or even a 30) bulb after it had been running for five minutes. Also where most of your money went, that alloy and the thermal design. Only a very small amount of material in the heating coil, but a light bulb without its protective inert gas and glass shell would burn out in seconds. This thing has to cycle rapidly between room temperature and probably well above 400 degrees for short periods of time (hate thermodynamics work, and I don’t think it’s possible to know the actual temperature without knowing the composition of said proprietary alloy. If one did know, then I believe you could figure out the temperature based on the color of the glow). Otherwise the whole thing is a very simple and robust design. It must have taken some very serious engineering to get everything balanced just so, because that’s a hell of a lot of thermal energy to play around with.
This is also why they didn’t use Li-poly batteries. You can’t get that much power out of a Li-poly that quickly. Also the reason you can’t use while charging. You can fully charge a battery in about 45 minutes (have not timed this), but it only takes 10 minutes to drain it. The power (temperature) regulation chip design must not allow for both paths to run at the same time, and clearly the charger doesn’t provide enough (750 milliamp-hour battery, 310 milliamp output from the charger) juice to run the heating coil.
tl/dr: Some numbers and math, you won't find any help here.
I believe that’s all I’ve got. Questions, comments, concerns?
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