First of all I'll confess I'm ignorant of buddhism or its branches,
But let me ask you, doesn't buddhism or some of its branches teaches we live in an illusion? having that believe how can you see anything as real.
Also, what are the requirements for the scientific method to validate the spiritual as real?
If you attempt to see the invisible (non-material) world with visible eyes (material) you are going to fail, and l think is not fair, you study the spiritual should be with spiritual tools.
Can I see your soul? or can you see mine? Can you see the essence of what I'm, what makes me different to everybody else? can science see the hurt I feel when somebody says a hurtful word to me? can they see it?
I'm not just flesh and blood, and I'm different than animals in that I have speech, I can judge right from wrong, I can be taught, not train, I demand justice when done wrong, I feel embarrassed at times etc.
I'm made of flesh and blood, but I have also experienced the spiritual and anybody can have their opinion,
and that's fine with me, that is why they call it ineffable and science is behind in this matter.
"So we fix our eyes not on what is seen, but on what is unseen, since what is seen is temporary, but what is unseen is eternal."
In science we see the 'immaterial and invisible' CONSTANTLY- all of particle physics, neuroscience (an EEG is a physical tracing of part of your thoughts, for example), you name it. And science is a METHOD - the same actions in the same conditions yielding the same result is science - not a subject-matter or set of assumptions. A real scientist will believe anything, if the data is there.
And, uh, nothing is "eternal". Not the sun, not the earth, not the universe itself, and certainly not you. Sorry to use the term, but the arrogance of thinking we humans are somehow eternal is staggering. Why the fuck are you eternal, but not an oak tree or a sperm whale or a virus or a bacteria? Because you like the idea?
There has been a scientific and systematic study of religion for over 100 years. I was a member of the SSSR (Society for the Scientific Study of Religion) for many years, and it is full of bel;ievers, unbelievers, and undecideds, but who agree that the scientific method is the way to go. Classic example - bunch of Buddhist and Taoist monks in the '70s allowed EEGs to be attached to them during meditation. New brain - wave patterns were discovered that way. And when people who had never used the meditation methods before tried them, with a bit of practice they got the same brainwave patters. Bam, empirical science on inducing "religious" experience. The Buddhists and Taoists involved were not offended in any way. I met a few of them. They loved it.
In fact Buddhist "spirituality" is scientific in that sense in general, as is the spirituality of my favorite occultist, Aleister Crowley - his motto was 'The Aim of Religion, the Method of Science'. There is no claim to absolute knowledge - all the sutras begin with a sanskrit phrases that literally means "thus have I heard", and which functions in sanskrit philosophy as a declaration that what follows is a mix of opinion and personal experience, not a claim to absolute truth. Both the Buddhist and Crowleyite (Thelemite) traditions make their claims based on the fact that what they recommend, as a method, not a belief, has worked to alter the consciousness and reduce the suffering of people who have used them. What makes them unusual (though not unique) is that they also say, if these methods don't work for you, then FIND ONE THAT DOES. They don't say it's a fault in the end-user. Islam and Judaism both have traditions like this - Turkish Sufism in Islam, the applied kabbalah in Judaism. I have no idea if Xtianity has one - I have never studied it.
Back to Buddhism - maya, often mistranslated as simple illusion, is more complex. No branch of Buddhism denies physical reality. It is not solipsism. It begins with the empirical fact that the state of non-pain always, eventually, ends. What people mistake for an assertion of non-reality is the teaching on
sunyata (literally emptiness), which is the assertion that all things are empty of inherent existence. Not that they lack existence per se, but
inherent existence. In fact the same sutras warn that emptiness is itself empty (sunyata sunyata) - that is, that you must not take sunyata too far and deny that matter is matter or deny that gravity is gravity.
Instead of inherent existence, things are seen as having
interdependent existence, a result of interdependent origination (famously, "This is like this because that is like that", for any THIS and any THAT - see Thich Nhat Hanh's 'The Heart of Understanding' for the best discussion of this I've seen in English- less than 60 pages).
So things exist; we just ignore the fact that they only exist by virtue of their causal connections to other things. Following Thich Nhat Hanh, many Buddhists use 'interbeing' as the translation of sunyata instead of 'emptiness' now, specifically to avoid this confusion in English. In fact, the dharma uses the empirical facts of matter to deconstruct the destructive concepts that lack inherent existence and cause pain - like the fact that we cannot say we have a 'self' (but rather no-self or
anatman, literally no psyche or no soul) when we know we are in fact made of millions of cells, these each made of subsystems like mitochondria. Where are "you" in there?
One of the oldest schools of Buddhism, abhidharma, is an atomic theory that predates the Greek one, and uses that approach to deconstruct the self, desire, gods, etc. If everything can be broken down into smaller and smaller component parts until you get to the basic elements, where is the mind, the soul, the self? This is not a negative thing, BTW, but the source of Buddhist joy. Cuz if we have no self and no psyche, then we cannot truly suffer, can we? Pain and death, like the self, become illusions in the more traditional sense of the term. Functions of flawed perceptions.
Especially in the west, Buddhism is mistaken for all sorts of things it is not - a religion, solipsism, pessimism, spiritualism, and New Age wishy-washiness, to name a few. When in fact it is the oldest logico-empirical, atheistic, optimistic, moral and ethical system around. The other traditions like it got to the logico-empirical part centuries later.