One thing I don’t get is how ball vapes can operate over 451° without combustion
Temperature is relative between different vapes, that number would be the number on the nail that is heating the vessel holding the balls... Then you are inhaling through it creating hot air that will then vaporize the herb in your bowl below, so there are a lot of variables in your bowl and how you do your herb and everything including the piece you are using with it and yourself! With pure convection on demand style vaping, which is what a ball vape is essentially though as an equilibrium desktop meaning it takes some time to heat up and get to a stable temp where it is consistent then... Anyway it is very difficult to measure the precise temperature without a lot of equipment basically haha so you kind of have to decide what works for you based on your experience? When you move away from the temperature as you understand it traditionally technically in a vacuum with something simple like session conduction or some mainstream desktop vapes perhaps, you will unlock a new realm of high that probably makes you unable to even attempt chopping a cabbage let alone anything with a sharp object lol please stay safe