Sorry if I was unclear but I would definitely be buying a proper cabinet if doing this. Just not sure that they totally contain the dust.
As others have said, most/cheap cabinets don't perfectly seal.....there's generally no reason to do so since external controls (like sweeping it up off the shop floor) cover it well enough. There are definitely exceptions, like when you're bead blasting (glass spheres) to clean often toxic build up off parts. This is done in a 'glove box' where you put the work in a gasketed door on the end (typically), push your hands into the gloves mounted in the front and work through the window. Usually the back wall is a filter and a blower draws a modest negative pressure on the other side of that. A manometer (sensitive low pressure gauge) confirms this so all leaks are outside air coming in and through the filters.
I bet you could cobble up something from plywood, plexiglass, a couple gloves and a HEPA vacuum that's up to the task.
A bigger issue is 'can you sandblast glass?' I doubt it, sand and glass are about the same? Maybe ceramic beads or grit. Or etching (nasty chemical alert). IIRC they often mask the glass for get sharp lines. I'm thinking maybe a tough enamel you could easily wash off......finger nail polish?
Many years ago I bought a small bead blaster based on an airbrush frame. I used fine glass beads to clean microscope parts that had fouled. I think I got it from Small Parts. Did a great job, but IIRC you needed to use grit to etch glass or even tough steels. I just would block up the front of a cardboard box on it's side (so the floor slopes back) and shoot into a corner. A tray of folded butcher paper on the bench caught anything that bounce out, after which the lot went to land fill (since contamination was typically hydrocarbon deposits).
OF
